Network Layer defines device addressing, routing, and path determination. Network layer acts as a boundary between the host and the subnet. It deals with routing issues, deadlock and conjestion issues caused by increased number of packet data transfer and decreasing the performance etc.
NFS uses Internetwork Protocol (IP) as its network layer interface. IP is responsible for routing, directing datagrams from one network to another. Even though IP packets are addressed using IP addresses, hardware addresses must be used to actually transport data from one host to another. The Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) is used to map the IP address to the hardware address.
Layer 4 – Transport
Transport layer is responsible for getting the entire message across, establishes and terminates connections between two computers and keeping track of fragmentation and out-of-order packets. Used for flow control and data recovery.
Two transport protocols, Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and User Datagram Protocol (UDP), sits at the transport layer.
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